Tuning Fork Lab and Palm Pipe Lab

In the tuning fork lab, I got the chance to analyze the frequency and amplitude of sound wave using LabQuest Technology! It was cool because I hit the tuning fork against a hard surface and it created a sound wave. I then used the LabQuest technology to analyze it and a bar graph came up that had a bunch of different frequencies. Each one was different because of it's amplitude. The meant it was not music. The highest was the loudest. The smallest/lowest bar had the lowest frequency; That's the fundamental frequency.


We did this experiment to understand:
-the frequencies of sound waves.
-how to use LabQuest equipment

Palm Pipe

Key Information

Amplitude:  Maximum extent of wave/vibration from a neutral point

Wavelength: Distance between peak to peak of a sound wave

Harmonics: Complex wave relating to music rather than just noise

Frequency: Rate of occurrence which vibrations happen

The smallest/lowest bar had the lowest frequency; That's the fundamental frequency.

Frequency Formula: V=fxWavelength

Light and Obtics

 







Principles of light: When  light hits a surface, it bounces off at a certain angle and the angle that the light hits the surface (or the angle of incidence) determines how light bounces off. But the mirror doesn't alter the incoming beams of light so the light rays bounce back! The image from a flat mirror is a virtual image because it can't be focused, and the rays aren't coming out at straight lines. The rays hit our eyes and allow us to see our reflection BUT... its not actually there!

 Convex vs. Concave mirrors

Convex mirrors are mirrors that go out and cause the reflection to look bigger. Makes a virtual image. The image is formed behind the lens unlike a concave mirror. Light rays never converge in front of the lens

 

 

 

Convex mirror.

Concave mirrors are mirrors the go in (*cave in*) They cause the reflection/ Real Image to invert, or appear up side down. Light rays reflect off mirror.

Forces in 2D motion???

A force that is analyzed in a 2D motion is vector with 2 components. Since they're 2D, they're looked at on the X and Y axis.

In Uniform Circular Motion, a NET FORCE drawing towards the inside of the circle causes objects to move in circles because it's at a constant speed. But it's constantly accelerating because the object is constantly changing direction 
 -the direction of an object in circular motion's acceleration is inwards. 
-objects in orbit move in uniform circular motion around another object. 
-Planets and satellites are able to orbit because they have net force acting upon them and it keeps them moving in circles at a constant speed=gravity=keeps earth orbiting the sun; pulling us towards it

Inside the iPad

My iPad is a commonly used source of technology in my life. It's very complex and can do a thousand things, but only for a certain amount of time until the battery runs out. It contains a lithium-polymer battery includes lithium ion that grows bigger so that it can store a greater charge.  It allows lithium ions to move from the negative conductor of which the electricity is leaving UPHILL, exemplified in the following image:

The Class Connection

In class, we used lemons as a battery!!!
We used a penny for negative charge and a nail for positive charge stuck them into the lemon on both sides.  The lemon contains a lot of electrons so when we connected the penny and the nail with a cord, electrons could flow! Amazing!!!

What is Projectile Motion?

To find out what projectile is, Gabi and I shot some hoops! I shot a freethrow and she recorded me using the Video Physics app. She tracked the basketball's arc using blue dots from when I shot(released) it, to when it went through the hoop.. Nothing but net. Not only did we play basketball, we learned how to use the Video Physics app and analyze aspects of an object that has been projected or thrown. (and its speed and acceleration)

Check it out..

these are our data graphs:

Defined Projectile motion and compared the X and Y components.

X velocity

Y velocity

Real Life Connection: Rainbows are parabolas!!!

Hover Disc and Fan Cart Lab

Purpose: To understand Newtons 3 laws of motion. 

To Find the 3 laws of motion, we conducted an experiment using a hover disc that looked like  soccer balls. They moved really smoothly and it was a lot of fun! We also use carts powered by fans. We found out more about force, mass and acceleration. 

Hover Disk Lab

Big Question: What gives rise to a change in motion and?

Key DATA:

We discovered forces between objects.

-Normal Force, Fn: acts Upward on an object (opposite direction of gravitational)

-Friction Force, Ff: the friction between to objects on contact

-Gravitational Force, Fg: Earth is pulling down on an object (gravity)

-For every action, theres an equal and opposite reaction meaning if two objects make contact, they will both exert an equal amount of force onto each other except they will be in opposite directions.

Real World Connection:

When 2 pool table balls collide they will exert the same amount of force on each other but they they will be in opposite directions..

Fan Cart Lab

Big Q: what's the relationship between mass, acceleration and force.

Lab Summary:

We used a fan cart with a constant force (No Net force) and put it on a track with the force probe. We would add different weight to the cart to find the relationship between the mass of the cart and the force and the acceleration that was measured as well using a logger pro.

We CONCLUDED that the relationship between mass and acceleration is indirect.

We derived the equation, f=ma: Force equals mass times acceleration.

Acceleration is depended on by the mass. 

Also, an object moving at constant speed will stay at that constant speed. An object with no motion, will remain motionless until force changes it.

So much knowledge!!!!!

Impulse Lab

Big Question: What is the relationship between impulse, force and time in a collision?

To answer the big question, we crashed the car into a force-probe attatched to the ring stand. We measured  car's velocity and all of it movement before the collision and then after the collision. We used metal bands to slow the collision down(slowed time down). This made it an elastic collision. 

  
Key Information:
-Impulse also equals the change in momentum; Momentum final minus momentum initial. J=Pf-Pi
-Impulse is constant when objects collide
-J=FT

Lab Conclusion: 
The Big answer is that force and time are inversely proportional. Force and time: Impulse equals force multiplied by time (J=FxT)

Real World Connection:
 When two players are running and collide, they're pads act as the metal rings to slow down time, the times it takes for the them to actually collide. It also reduces the impact of the collision.